<head>  <title>[2405.05966] Natural Language Processing RELIES on Linguistics</title>
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<meta property="og:description" content="Large Language Models (LLMs) have become capable of generating highly fluent text in certain languages, without modules specially designed to capture grammar or semantic coherence. What does this mean for the future of linguistic expertise in NLP? We highlight several aspects in which NLP (still) relies on linguistics, or where linguistic thinking can illuminate new directions. We argue our case around the acronym $RELIES$ that encapsulates six major facets where linguistics contributes to NLP: $R$esources, $E$valuation, $L$ow-resource settings, $I$nterpretability, $E$xplanation, and the $S$tudy of language. This list is not exhaustive, nor is linguistics the main point of reference for every effort under these themes; but at a macro level, these facets highlight the enduring importance of studying machine systems vis-a-vis systems of human language.">
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  <script src="/static/browse/0.3.4/js/cite.js" type="text/javascript"></script><meta name="citation_title" content="Natural Language Processing RELIES on Linguistics"><meta name="citation_author" content="Opitz, Juri"><meta name="citation_author" content="Wein, Shira"><meta name="citation_author" content="Schneider, Nathan"><meta name="citation_date" content="2024/05/09"><meta name="citation_online_date" content="2024/05/09"><meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="http://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.05966"><meta name="citation_arxiv_id" content="2405.05966"><meta name="citation_abstract" content="Large Language Models (LLMs) have become capable of generating highly fluent text in certain languages, without modules specially designed to capture grammar or semantic coherence. What does this mean for the future of linguistic expertise in NLP? We highlight several aspects in which NLP (still) relies on linguistics, or where linguistic thinking can illuminate new directions. We argue our case around the acronym $RELIES$ that encapsulates six major facets where linguistics contributes to NLP: $R$esources, $E$valuation, $L$ow-resource settings, $I$nterpretability, $E$xplanation, and the $S$tudy of language. This list is not exhaustive, nor is linguistics the main point of reference for every effort under these themes; but at a macro level, these facets highlight the enduring importance of studying machine systems vis-a-vis systems of human language.">
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      <strong>arXiv:2405.05966</strong> (cs)
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  [Submitted on 9 May 2024]</div>
    <h1 class="title mathjax"><span class="descriptor">Title:</span>Natural Language Processing RELIES on Linguistics</h1>
    <div class="authors"><span class="descriptor">Authors:</span><a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&amp;query=Opitz,+J">Juri Opitz</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&amp;query=Wein,+S">Shira Wein</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/search/cs?searchtype=author&amp;query=Schneider,+N">Nathan Schneider</a></div>            <div id="download-button-info" hidden="">View a PDF of the paper titled Natural Language Processing RELIES on Linguistics, by Juri Opitz and Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider</div>
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    <blockquote class="abstract mathjax">
            <span class="descriptor">Abstract:</span>Large Language Models (LLMs) have become capable of generating highly fluent text in certain languages, without modules specially designed to capture grammar or semantic coherence. What does this mean for the future of linguistic expertise in NLP? We highlight several aspects in which NLP (still) relies on linguistics, or where linguistic thinking can illuminate new directions. We argue our case around the acronym <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-1" style="width: 4.966em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 4.108em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.045em, 1004.11em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-2"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-3" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">R</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-4" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">E<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.003em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-5" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">L</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-6" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">I<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.064em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-7" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">E<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.003em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-8" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">S<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.064em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.033em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1">RELIES</script> that encapsulates six major facets where linguistics contributes to NLP: <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-9" style="width: 0.922em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.738em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.106em, 1000.74em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-10"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-11" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">R</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.96em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-2">R</script>esources, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-12" style="width: 0.922em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.738em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.106em, 1000.74em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-13"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-14" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">E<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.003em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.96em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-3">E</script>valuation, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-15" style="width: 0.861em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.677em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.106em, 1000.62em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-16"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-17" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">L</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.96em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-4">L</script>ow-resource settings, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-18" style="width: 0.616em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.493em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.106em, 1000.49em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-19"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-20" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">I<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.064em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.96em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-5">I</script>nterpretability, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-21" style="width: 0.922em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.738em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.106em, 1000.74em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-22"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-23" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">E<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.003em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.96em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-6">E</script>xplanation, and the <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="display: none;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" tabindex="0" style=""><nobr><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-24" style="width: 0.861em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.677em; height: 0px; font-size: 120%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.045em, 1000.68em, 2.148em, -999.997em); top: -1.958em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-25"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-26" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">S<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.064em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.964em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.07em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.033em;"></span></span></nobr></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-7">S</script>tudy of language. This list is not exhaustive, nor is linguistics the main point of reference for every effort under these themes; but at a macro level, these facets highlight the enduring importance of studying machine systems vis-a-vis systems of human language.
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